From the Southeast Mexicano's forested region. Subcomandante Insurgente
Marcos
Army Zapatista of National Liberation. Mexico, June 1997
Piece 1: The concentration of the riches and the distribution of poverty
Piece 2: The globalization of exploitation
Piece 3: Migration, the errant nightmare
Piece 4: Mundialización financial and globalization of corruption and crime
Piece 5: The legitimate violence of illegitimate power
Piece 6: The Megapolítica and the dwarves
Piece 7: The bags of resistance
" war is a vital important matter for the status, it is the province of life and death, the road that takes the survival or to the annihilation. It is indispensable to study her in depth ". The Art of War. Sun Tzu.
The modern globalization, the neoliberalism like worldwide system, he must get along well like a new war of conquest of territories. The III's end World War or Cold War it does not mean for the world to have surpassed bipolarity and find himself stable bass the winner's hegemony. When finishing off this war there was, without any doubt, one beaten ( the socialist field ), but saying is difficult who the conqueror went . ¿Europe Occidental? ¿United statuses? ¿Japan? ¿All of them? The point is that the defeat of empire of evil ( Reagan and Thatcher dixit ) meant the opening of new markets without new owner. He was corresponding, therefore, to fight to take possession of them, to conquer them. Not only that, the end of Cold War he brought a new relational frame along international in the one that the new fight for those new markets and territories produced a new worldwide war in, the IV. This forced, like in all the wars, to a re-definition of Nation-States. The Y beyond the re-definition of Nation-States, world order went back to the old epoches of conquests of America, Africa and Oceania. Modernity makes this one that advances to the back, the evening of century wonder XX has more similarities with his brutal predecessor centuries than with the placid and rational future of some science-fictional fiction.
In the world of Postwar Fría vast territories, riches and, most of all, force of work qualified, they were waiting for a new master ... But one is worldly owner's job, and several they are the applicants to be it. And another war breaks out to achieve it, but now among those than himself autodenominaron the empire of good. If the III World War was among the capitalism and the socialism liderados por los Estados Unidos y la URSS respectivamente, with alternating scenes and different degrees of intensity; The IV World War comes true now among the big financial centers, with total scenes and with an intense intensity and constant. From the II's end World War to 1992, 149 wars have taken effect all over the world. The result, 23 million of dead persons, World War does not let misgivings of intensity of this III. Datos de UNICEF . From the catacombs of international espionage to the sidereal space of Defensa Estratégica's called Initiative la " Guerra de las Galaxias " de el cowboy Ronald Reagan ; From Playa Girón's sands, in Cuba, to the Delta of the Mekong in Vietnam,; From the unbridled nuclear arms race to the savage coup d'états in the painful Latin America; From the ominous maneuverings of the armies of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to the factors of the CIA in the Bolivia of murder of the Che Guevara; Misnamed Cold War attained high temperatures than, in spite of the continuo change of scene and incessant increases and o precisamente por esto steps down of nuclear crisis, they ended up by fusing the socialist field like worldwide system, and they diluted it as an alternative social.
The III World War evidenced the goodnesses of total war en todas partes y en todas las formas for the winner: The capitalism. But the post-war scene became in profile, in fact, like a new theater of worldwide operations: Big extensions of no man's land por el desfonde político, económico y social de Europa de el Este y de la URSS, growing potencies Estados Unidos, Europa Occidental y el Japón, worldwide economic crisis, and a new technological revolution: The information technology. " in the same way that industrial revolution had permitted the remplazo of the muscle for the machine, present-day information-technology revolution points a el menos de un número cada vez más importante de sus funciones for the computer to the remplazo of the brain. This general cerebralization of the midways of production the lo mismo en la industria que en los servicios is accelerated by the explosion of new investigations in the telecommunications and for the cybermundos's proliferation ". Ignacio Ramonet . " La planete des desordres " en " Geopolitique du Chaos. " Maniere de Voir 3 . Le Monde Diplomatique ( LMD ) . Abril de 1997 The supreme king of capital, the financier, he began then to develop his martial strategy on the new world and be more than enough that was located at the old man's foot. Of the hand of technological revolution that was getting on the entire world, by means of a computer, his desks and his laws and precepts imposed to his free will, the financial markets to all the planet. The mundialization of new war is not the mundialization of logics of financial markets more than. Of rectors of economy, the Nation-States passed to be y sus gobernantes governed, rather remote-controlled, by financial power's foundation: The commercial free trade. And not only that, the logic of market he made good use of porosity than, in all the social spectrum of the world, he provoked the development of telecommunications, and he penetrated and all the aspects of social activity were adapted. ¡At last a worldwide war totally total!
One of the first casualties of this new war is national market. Like a shot shot within an armored room, he bounces the war initiated by the neoliberalism of one to another side and wound who shot her. Join of the fundamental bases of power of the Been modern capitalist, the national market, he is liquidated by the cannon shot of news era of financial global economy. International capitalism collects some of its victims expiring the national capitalisms and slimming, to the inanition, the public proxies. Blow has been so brutal and definite that the Nation-States do not arrange of the necessary force to oppose the action of international markets than transgrede townspeople's interests and governments. The kept watch over and orderly showcase that was imagining was inheriting the end of Cold War, the new world order, soon fact looks bits by the neoliberal explosion. He sacrifices worldwide capitalism without any pity whom he gave him future and historic project: The national capitalism. The companies and Estados collapse in minutes, but no for the storms of the proletarian revolutions but for the onslaughts of the financial hurricanes,. The son ( the neoliberalism ) devours the father ( the national capitalism ), and casually he destroys all of the discursive fallacies of capitalist ideology: In the new world order there are neither democracy, neither freedom, neither equality, neither brotherhood. At the worldwide scene the product of end of Cold War only perceives a new everyday field itself and in this, like at all battlefield, queen the chaos. To endings of Cold War, capitalism creates a new biblical horror: The neutron bomb. The virtue of this weapon the fact is that only destroys the life and respects constructions. Already the entire cities ( that is, his inhabitants ) unless it be necessary could destroy to reconstruct themselves ( and paying hence ). The militaristic industry patted himself on the back to yes same, the irrationality of the nuclear bombs was supplanted by the new rationality of the neutron bomb. But a new biblical wonder will be discovered to the equal of birth of the IV World War: The financial bomb. Because the new neoliberal bomb, unlike his atomic predecessor in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, not only the polis destroys ( the Nation in this case ) and imposes the death, the terror and the extreme poverty whom inhabit it; Or, unlike the neutron bomb, not only he destroys selectively. Her neoliberal, besides, reorganize and reorder what he attacks and he redoes it like a piece within the globalization's cheap to run riddle. After his destructive effect, result is not a lot of smoking ruins, or tens of thousands of inert lifes, but a suburb that is added up to any one of the commercial megápolis of the new worldwide hypermarket and a manpower relocated in the new market of worldwide work. The Union Europea, one of the megápolis the neoliberalism's product, a result comes from show it IV World War. Here, globalization cheap to run was able to erase interstate frontiers rivals, enemies among themselves long since, and forced them to converge and to come into question the political union. The economicista of neoliberal war in the called old continent man will be full of destruction of Nation-States to the European federation, the road and of ruins, join their civilization will be European. The megápolis reproduce in all the planet. The integrated trading areas are the plot of land where they stand straight . Thus it occurs in North America, where Free Comercio's Treaty for North America the " NAFTA " por sus siglas en inglés among Canada, the United States and Mexico is not the prelude of fulfillment of old aspiration of North American conquest more than: America for the Americans. In South America one walks in equal felt with the Mercosur among Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. In northern Africa, with the Arab Maghreb's Union UMA among Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and Mauritania; In southern Africa, in the Near East, at sea Black, in Asia Pacífico, etc., In all the planet they explode financial bombs and they reconquer territories.
Do the megápolis stand in for nations? No, or not only. Also they include them and they reassign functions, limits and possibilities to to them. The whole countries become the neoliberal megaempresa's apartments. Neoliberalism brings about destruction thus DESPOBLAMIENTO on the one hand, and the reconstruction REALIGNMENT for the other, of regions and of nations to turn on new markets and to modernize the existent. If the nuclear bombs were having a dissuasive character, intimidatorio and coercive in the III World War, in the IV worldwide conflagration the same thing with the financial hyper-bombs does not occur . These guns are useful for attacking territories Estados Nacionales destroying his national sovereignty's material bases obstáculo ético, jurídico, político, cultural e histórico contra la globalización económica and producing a qualitative despoblamiento at his territories. This despoblamiento consists in abstaining of all those that they are useless for the new market economy por ejemplo los indígenas . But, besides, the financial centers bring about a reconstruction of Nation-States, simultaneously, and reorder them according to the logical news of world market los modelos económicos desarrollados se imponen sobre relaciones sociales débiles o inexistentes .
The IV, for example, this effect presents World War at the rural plot of land. The rural modernization, that they demand financial markets, has to do with incrementing agricultural productivity, but what he gets is to destroy the social and relations cheap to run traditional. Result: Mass exodus of the field to the cities. Yes, I eat in a war. Meanwhile, at the urban zones saturates him the labor market and the unequal distribution of entrance the justice that waits for who is they look for better conditions of life. Of examples the fact that they illustrate this strategy the indigenous world is full: Ian Chambers, director of the Office for the INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZATION'S Centroamárica de las Naciones Unidas, he bore witness than the indigenous worldwide population, calculated in 300 million, he lives in zones that have the 60 % of the natural resources of the planet. Well then " the multiple conflicts for the use and destiny of his earths around the interests of governments and companies do not surprise . ... ] La explotación de recursos naturales [ petróleo y minería and the tourism are the principal industries that threaten the indigenous territories in America " entrevista de Martha García en " La Jornada " . 28 de mayo de 1997 . The pollution, the prostitution and the drugs come behind the projects of investment. That is, despoblamiento and reconstruction complement destruction themselves realignment of the zone.
In this new worldwide war, the modern policy like state National organizer does not exist more. Now policy is only an economic organizer and the politicians are modern companies's administrators. The new owners of the world are not government, do not need to be it. National administrations take care of administrating the business at the different regions of the world themselves. This is the new world order, the worldly entire unification in an alone market. The nations are department stores with managers by way of governments, and the new regional, economic alliances and policies, they get close to more a modern commercial mall's model than to a politic federation. The unification that produces the neoliberalism is economic, unification becomes of markets to make the circulation of money and goods easy. At the gigantic worldwide hypermarket they circulate freely goods, no the people. Like everything initiative entrepreneurial y de guerra, this globalization cheap to run he goes accompanied of a model general of thought. However, among that many new things, the ideological model the fact that he accompanies neoliberalism in his conquest of the planet has very much of old man and moldy. The american way of life that showed to the North American ranks in the II's Europe World War, in the Vietnam of 60 and, more recently now the o más bien de las computadoras of financial markets goes together, in the War of the Persian Gulf,. It does not have to do with only a material destruction of the material bases of Nation-States, also ( and I eat of so important manner ill-considered ) it has to do with a historic and cultural destruction. The worthy indigenous past of the countries of the American continent, the brilliant European civilization, the learned person tells the story of of the Asiatic nations, and the powerful and rich antique of the Africa and Oceania, all cultures and the stories that shaped nations are attacked by the mode of North American life. Neoliberalism imposes a total war thus: The destruction of nations and groups of nations to homologize them with the model North American capitalist. A war because, a worldwide war, the IV. The worst and more cruel. Her that he strikes up neoliberalism everywhere and by all means against humanity.
But, I eat in all war, it is combats, is conquerors and beaten, and is odds and ends broken of that destroyed reality. In order to try to put together the absurd riddle of the neoliberal world they need many pieces. Some can meet among the ruins that he has let this worldwide war right now on the planetary surface. When they can reconstruct themselves minus 7 of those pieces and fostering the hope that this worldwide conflict not finish with the weaker rival: Humanity. Image 7 pieces to draw, to color, to trim, and to try putting together, next to others, the worldwide riddle. One is bend it accumulation, of riches and of poverty, in the worldwide society's two poles. Other is the total exploitation of worldly totality. Third class is nightmare of humanity's errant part. The quirt is the nauseating relation among crime and Power. The country house is state violence. The sixth is the megapolítica's mystery. The seventh is humanity's multiform bag of resistance against the neoliberalism.
1 represents her it is built drawing a monetary sign. In humanity's story, distinct
social models have disputed the to hoist the absurdity like distinctive quality
of world order. Certainly neoliberalism will have a place privileged to the
hour of the rewards, because his cast of the social riches does not do more
than to distribute a double absurdity of accumulation: The accumulation of riches
in hands of a few, and the accumulation of poverty in million human beings.
In the world present-day, the injustice and the inequality are distinctive signs.
The planet Earth, third party of the solar planetary system, he has 5 thousand
million human beings. In him, only 500 million of people live with comforts
while 4 thousand 500 million suffer poverty and try to survive. A double absurdity
is the balance among haves and have nots: The rich are not enough and the poor
are many. The quantitative difference is criminal, but the balance among the
details is gotten with the riches: The rich supply his numerical minority with
thousands of million dollars. The fortune of the 358 more rich people of the
world the miles de millones de dólares is superior to the annual income
of the 45 % of the more poor inhabitants something like 2 thousand, 600 million
of people. The watch chains of gold of the financial clocks become a heavy chain
for million beings. While than her ... number of business of the General Motors
is more elevated than the Gross National Product ( GNP ) of Denmark, the one
belonging to the Ford is more important than the GNP of southern Africa, and
surpasses the one belonging to the Toyota to the GNP of Norway. Real wages have
decreased ( Ignacio Ramonet, in LMD I/1997 #15 ), for all of the workpeople,
in addition to that they must sort personnel's cuts at the companies, the closing
of factories and the relocation of his labor centers. In the called advanced
capitalist economies the number of unemployed reach right now the 41 million
of workpeople. In shape gradual, the concentration of the riches in few hands
and the distribution of poverty in many, he goes delineating the worldwide modern
society's sign: The fragile equilibrium of absurd inequalities. The decadence
of neoliberal economic system is a scandal: Worldwide debt ( PIB ) has surpassed
the 33.100 thousand ones belonging to million dollars, that is, 130 % of the
( worldwide Gross National Product, and grow at the rate of the 6 % to the 8
% per year, over 4 times the worldwide PIB's growth Frederic F. Clairmont (
understanding the ones belonging to the companies, the governments and the administrations
). Ces deux cents societes qui controlent peel it, in LMD. IV/1997 ). The large
transnational corporations's progress does not imply the advance of the developed
Nations. On the contrary, while the giant financiers earn more, the poverty
at the called rich countries intensifies more itself. The difference to eliminate
among haves and have nots is brutal and does not seem to have no tendency for
that direction, on the contrary. Far from attenuating, no longer let's say to
eliminate m, social inequality increases, most of all at the capitalist developed
nations: At the United States, the 1 % of the North American richer he has gotten
the 61.6 % of the group from the national wealth of the country among 1983 and
1989. The 80 % of the North American plus poor persons have not distributed
more than the 1.2 % themselves. The number of roofless has duplicated in the
Great Britain; Children's number that they enjoy only of the social help has
passed of the 7 % in 1979 the 26 % in 1994; Britishers's number that he enjoys
in the poverty ( I eat defined less of half of minimum wage ) has exceeded 5
million to 13.700.000; The 10 % of the more poor persons have lost the 13 %
of his purchasing power, while than % of l0 the richest have earned the 65 %
and millionaires's number has buckled for five years ( LMD's data. IV/97 ).
To early part of decade of 90 " ... some 37.000 transnational signatures
were enclosing, with his 170.000 subsidiaries, the international economy in
his tentacles. However, the center of power is placed in the more circle restricted
of 200 first: From the early part of years 80, they have deemed a uninterrupted
expansion as road of fusions and you buy them of companies's rescue. In this
way, the transnational the party of capital in the worldwide PIB has passed
of 17 % half of years 60 to 24 % in 1982 and in addition to the 30 % in 1995.
The 200 first are conglomerate whose planetary activities cover without distinction
the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors: Grand agricultural exploitations,
manufacturing production, financial services, commerce, etc. Geographically
they distribute themselves among 10 countries: Japan ( 62 ), United Statuses
( 53 ), Germany ( 23 ), France ( 19 ), United Kingdom ( 11 ), Switzerland (
8 ), Korea of the south ( 6 ), Italy ( 5 ) and Netherlands ( 4 ) ". ( Frederic
F. Clairmont. Op.Cit. ).
You have the power's cheap to run symbol here. Now paint dollar green color. Image of nauseating smell not get worried, the aroma to dung, mud and blood comes to him of birth ...
The figure builds for himself 2 drawing a triangle. One of neoliberal fallacies
consists in saying that the economic growth of the companies brings prepared
a better cast of the riches and growth of job. But he is not thus. In the same
way whereon the growth of political power of a king does not result in a growth
of political power of the subordinates antes a el contrario, the absolutism
of the financial capital, do not improve the distribution of the riches neither
he provokes bigger work for the society. Poverty, unemployment and precariousness
of work are his structural aftermath. In the years back in the decades of 1960
and 1970, the considerate poor population the con menos de un dólar diario
de ingreso para resolver sus necesidades elementales, según el Banco
Mundial was of ones 200 million of people. For the start of decade of 90 he
was adding up 2,000 million of human beings already. Besides, the " ...
the window over a door of the 200 more important companies of the planet represents
over a quarter of the worldwide economic activity; And however, they use those
200 signatures only to 18.8 million of employees, that is to say, less than
the 0.75 % of the manpower of the planet " Ignacio Ramonet en LMD . Enero
1997 #15 . Plus poor and more human beings made poor, minus rich and more enriched
people, these are the lessons of sketch of the piece 1 of the neoliberal riddle.
In order to achieve this absurdity, capitalist worldwide system modernizes the
production, the circulation and the consumption of the goods. The new technological
revolution la informática and the new political revolution las megápolis
emergentes sobre las ruinas de los Estados Nacionales they produce a new social
revolution. This social revolution does not consist in a rearrangement, a realignment
of the social energy more than, principally of the manpower. The Gainfully Occupied
Population the worldwide PEA exceeded 1.376 million in 1960, to 2.374 million
of workpeople in 1990. More human beings with capability of work, that is, to
generate riches. But not only he fits this news force of work the new world
order into geographic and productive spaces, besides, the o su no - lugar, como
en el caso de desempleados y subempleados in the plan reorders its place globalizador
of economy. The Population Mundial Empleada for Actividad the PMEA modified
substantially in the last ones 20 years itself. The PMEA at the agricultural
sector and pesquero went by of the 22 % in 1970, to the 12 % in 1990; In the
manufacture of the 25 % in 1970, to the 22 % in 1990; While than at the tertiary
sector the comercio, transporte, banca y servicios grew on 1970 of the 42 %,
to the 56 % in 1990. In the event of the underdeveloped countries, the tertiary
sector grew on 1970 of the 40 %, to 57 % in 1990; While than his population
used at the agricultural sector and the pesquero fell in 1970 of the 30 %, to
the 15 % in 1990. Datos de " Mercado Mundial de Fuerza de Trabajo en el
Capitalismo Contemporáneo " . Ochoa Chi, Juanita de el Pilar . UNAM
. Economía . México, 1997 . This signifies than each more time
the workpeople are canaled toward the required activities to increment productivity
or for to accelerate the realization of goods. Neoliberal system operates as
well as a megapatrón, conceiving the world market like a unitary company,
person under administration with criteria modernizers. But neoliberal modernity
seems closer to the bestial birth of capitalism like worldwide system, than
to the utopian rationality. Modern capitalist production keeps being based in
the work of children, women and hardworking immigrants. Of the 1.148 million
of children in the world, for the less 100 million they live literally on the
street and 200 million work, and it is prepared for that they will be . He tells
to himself that, besides, 146 million of Asiatic children labor in the production
of auto-parts, toyshop, clothing, food, ironworks and chemistry. But this exploitation
of child labor not only takes place at the underdeveloped countries, 40 % of
the English children and 20 % of the French children work to complete family
living expenses or to survive. Also at the pleasure's industry there is place
for the infants. The UN calculates than, every year, one million children, start
sexual commerce ( data in Ochoa Chi, J. Op.Cit. ). The neoliberal beast invades
the social worldwide whole homogenizing to the guidelines of nutrition. In global
terms even though we noticed that there are particularities in the nutritious
consumption of each region, y a su interior, no hence stops being evident the
process of homogenization that is imposing oneself, even on the physiological
differences - cultural of the diverse zones. " Mercado mundial de medios
de subsistencia . 1960-1990 " . Ocampo Figueroa, Nashelly, y Flores Mondragón,
Gonzalo . UNAM . Economía . 1994 . This beast forces humanity on a heavy
load. The unemployment and million workpeople's precariousness all over the
world he is an intense reality that does not have appearances neither at least
to attenuate. The unemployment at the countries of Organization for the Cooperation
and of Economic Development ( OCDE ) happened of the 3.8 % in 1966, to the 6.3
% in 1990. Only in Europe it happened of the 2.2 % in 1966, to the 6.4 % in
1990. The imposition of laws of market all over the world, the market globalizado,
destiny has not made somebody destroy the small and medium sized enterprises.
When disappearing the local and regional markets, the little and medium producers
see themselves to yes same without protections and without any possibility to
compete against the giant transnational. Result: Break massive of companies.
Consequence: Million workpeople to the unemployment. The neoliberal repeated
absurdity: The growth of production does not generate job, on the contrary,
he destroys it. The United Nations Organization ( UN ) names this stage as unemployed
growth. But nightmare does not finish there. In addition to the threat of unemployment,
the workpeople must confront precarious conditions of occupation. Bigger instability
of job, prolongation of work periods and salary disadvantage, music aftermath
of globalization in general and of terciarization of economy el crecimiento
de el sector " servicios " in particular. " at the had the control
countries, the manpower suffers a multiform precariousness: Extreme mobility,
jobs without contract, irregular and inferior salaries minimally vital, independent
activities declared, with aleatory earnings, that is, staff of servants or realization
of a necessary job for part of sectors, supposedly protected, like the children
" Alain Morice . " Los trabajadores extranjeros, avanzadilla de la
precariedad " . LMD . Enero 97 . The aftermath of whole this they translate
in a true social breaking of bottom globalizado. The realignment of processes
of production and circulation of goods and the rearrangement of the productive
energy, they produce a peculiar surplus: Human beings that are left over, that
they are not necessary for the new world order, that they do not produce, that
they do not consume, that subjects do not become of credit, in short, that they
are disposable. Every day, the big financial centers impose his laws to nations
and to groups of nations all over the world. They reorder and they relocate
his inhabitants. And, when finishing off operation, they find that the people
are left over . He triggers, therefore, excess population's volume, that not
only to only submit to whip about more her sharp at all, that the desestructurada
is and reduced to atoms, and whose only purpose is to wander around the aimless
streets, without housing neither I work, without family neither social accounts,
with the one and only plastic Fernández Durán, Ramón .
" Contra la Europa de el capital y la globalización económica
" . Talasa . Madrid, 1996 's company of his cardboards or bags - to the
less minimally stable -. The globalization cheap to run ... he did necessary
a decrease of level international real wages, than along with the decrease of
social expense salud, educación, vivienda y alimentación and an
anti-syndical policy, they came to constitute the fundamental part of new neoliberal
policies of capitalist reactivation Ocampo F . y Flores M. Op . Cit. .
Image Aquí has you the performance of the pyramid of worldwide exploitation
The figure builds for himself 3 drawing a circle. We talked about new territories
before the existence, at the end of the III World War, that they were hoping
to be conquered los antiguos países socialistas, and of others that they
should have been reconquered by the new world order. In order to achieve it,
the financial centers carry on a triple criminal and brutal strategy: The regional
wars and the intersender conflicts, the capitals follow routes of atypical accumulation,
proliferate and the big workpeople's masses move about .
The result of this worldwide war of conquest is million migrantes's great wheel all over the world. Extranjeros in the world without frontiers that they promised the III's conquerors World War, million people suffer the xenophobic persecution, the labor precarization, the loss of cultural identity, the police repression, the hunger, the jail and the death of the American River Grande to the space European Schengen ", a double contradictory tendency is confirmed: On the one hand the frontiers close officially to the migrations of work, for other, the economy's entire branches oscillate between the instability and the flexibility, that they are the more safe midways to attract the foreign manpower " Alain Morice . Op.Cit. . With distinct names, under a juridical differentiation, sharing a miserly equality, the migrantes or refugees or displaced persons of whole the permissible or rejected foreigners are the world. The nightmare of migration, whichever the SFA causes it that he provoke it, roll on and growing on the planetary surface.
People's number the fact that they would be in the competitive space of Height Comisionado of the United Nations for Given Refuge ACNUR has grown disproportionately, of something over 2 million in 1975, in addition to 27 million in 1995. Once national frontiers were destroyed para las mercancías, the market the globalizado organizes world economy: The investigation and the design of goods and services, as well as his circulation and consumption, music once intercontinental terms were thought about. For each part of capitalist process, new world order organizes the flow of force of work, specialized and no, where needs it. Far from abiding by the free so vaunted concurrence for the neoliberalism, the markets of job are more and more determined for the migratory flows. Tratándose of engineers, although bit as compared with the worldwide migration, this transfer of brains, represent very much in terms of power cheap to run and knowledge.
But, belong to force of work qualified, SFA of simple hand of work, the migratory policy of neoliberalism is more orientated to destabilize the world market of work that to to check immigration. The IV World War, with his process of destruction despoblamiento and reconstruction realignment, he provokes million people's displacement. His destination will be keeping being errant, with his nightmare piggyback, and offering his job security, an enemy to supply the image with the pattern to the workpeople with job at the distinct nations a threat, and a pretext to give him to her racist nonsense that the neoliberalism promotes feltly.
Image East is the symbol of errant nightmare of worldwide migration, a spine-chilling wheel that turns all over the world
The figure builds for himself 4 drawing a rectangle. The massive midways of
communication give us an image of the leaders of worldwide delinquency as a
present: Men and vulgar women, clothing outlandishly, living in ridiculous mansions
or after a jail's bars. But that hidden image more of what he shows : The modern
Mafias's neither the true bosses, neither his organization, neither his real
influences at the plots of land cheap to run and politicians are divulged in
public. If you think that the world of delinquency is synonymous from the dead
and darkness, he is wrong .
During the period of called Cold War, the organized crime went acquiring a more respectable image and not only began to work like any modern company, also went penetrating into deeply the political and systems cheap to run of nation-states. With the IV's start World War, the implantation of new world order, and his resulting opening of markets, privatizations, the deregulation of commerce and international finance, the organized crime globalizó his activities. " according to the UN, the worldwide yearly earnings of criminal transnational organizations are OCT of order of 1,000 thousand of million dollars, equivalent amount to the GNP combined of countries of weak entrance según la categorización de la banca mundial and of his 3 thousand million inhabitants. This esteem, take into account so much the product of traffic of drug, the illicit sales of guns, the smuggling of nuclear materials, etc., And the profits of activities controlled by the Mafias prostitución, juego, mercado negro de divisas ... .
On the other hand, do not measure the importance of investments continuously accomplished by the criminal organizations within the sphere of control of legitimate business, neither the domination that they exercise on the midways of production within numerous legal sectors of the economy " Michel Chossudovsky, " La Corruption mondialisée " en " Geopolitique du Chaos " . Op . Cit. . The criminal organizations of the 5 continents have done worldwide team spirit hisly and, associates, take part in the conquest and realignment of new markets. But not only in criminal activities, also they take part in legal business. The organized crime invests in legitimate business not only to whiten dirty money, also to acquire capital for his illegal activities. The companies preferred ad hoc are the real-estate ones belonging to luxury, leisure's industry, the midways of communication, industry, the agriculture, the public services and... ¡The banking system! ¿Alí Babá and the 40 bankers? No, something worse. The dirty money of organized crime is used by the commercial banks for his activities: Loans, investments in the financial markets, purchase of bonds of external debt, purchase and sale of gold and foreign exchange. " at many countries, criminal organizations have become the Estados's creditors and they exercise, for his action on the markets, an influence on the macroeconomic policy of governments. On the stock markets, they invest equally in the speculative markets of by-products and of raw materials " M. Chossudovsky, Op . Cit. .
To top it all, organized crime counts on called tax havens. All over the world there is, when less, 55 tax havens uno de ellos, en las Islas Caimán, tiene el quinto lugar mundial como centro bancario y tiene más bancos y sociedades registradas que habitantes . The Bahamas, the islands Vírgenes British, the Bermuda, San Martin, Vanuatu, the islands Cook, the island Mauricio, Luxembourg, Switzerland, the Anglian Norman islands, Dublin, Monaco, Gibraltar, Malta, music good places in order that organized crime relate to each other with the big financial signatures of the world. In addition to whitening of dirty money, tax havens are used to evade taxes, from here that they be one point of contact among governing body, businessmen and heads of an organized crime syndicate of organized crime. The high-tech, applied to the finances, he permits the fast circulation of money and the disappearance of illegal profits. " the legal and illegal business are more and more overlapping, introduce a fundamental change in the structures of post-war capitalism. The Mafias invest in legal business and, on the contrary, they canalize financial resources toward the criminal economy through the control of benches that has to do with the criminal organizations, or of business ventures implicated in the dirty cash laundering or. The banks pretend that the transactions are carried out in good faith and that his leaders ignore the source of funds deposited. He consigns it to not to ask nothing, the bank secrecy and the anonymity of transactions, whole is guaranteeing the interests of organized crime, they preserve the banking institution from public and inculpations investigations.
Not only the big benches accept whitening money, in view of his weighings commissions, rather also concede credits to rates of concern raised to the Mafias, in prejudice of the productive investments industrials or agricultural " M. Chossudovsky, Op . Cit. . The crisis of worldwide debt in the 80, provoked that the price of the raw materials descend . This did that the underdeveloped countries see once his earnings were reduced drastically. The measures cheap to run dictated by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, supposedly to recover the economy of these countries, only they intensified the crises of legal business. In consequence, illegal economy has developed fill the vacuum left by the fall of national markets. According to the United Nations's report, the intrusion of the labor unions of crime has been made easy by the programs of structural adjustment that the indebted countries have been forced to accept for United Nations . " La Globalization du crime " New York, 1995 to have access by to the International Monetary Fund's loans. As soon as you have the rectangular mirror where legality and illegality interchange reflections here.
Image ¿Of what the mirror's side is the criminal? ¿Of which one the one that chases it?
The figure builds for himself 5 drawing a pentagon. The Status, in the neoliberalism,
tends to contract to the indispensable minimum. The called Beneficial state
not only becomes converted in obsolete, it falls off from all that was constituting
it in such and it is left naked . At the globalization's cabaret, we have the
show of the Been envelope join table dance that he strips of everything to be
left with his minimal indispensable pledge: The repressive force. Once his material
base was destroyed, once his possibilities of sovereignty were annulled and
independence, once his politic classrooms were blurred, the Nation-States convert
themselves, more or less fast, in the megaempresas's very appliance of certainty
than neoliberalism goes erecting in this IV'S development World War. In place
of than the public investment guide her they prefer improving to the social
expense, the Nation-States his equipment, armament and preparation as a mere
formality with efficacy the work that the policy stopped obeying does years:
The control of the society. The professionals of legitimate violence call themselves
to yes same the repressive implements of Statuses Modernos.
But,¿What doing if violence is right now low the laws of market? ¿Where is violence legitimate and where the illegitimate? ¿What monopoly of violence can the wretched national Statuses if the free game of offer and request defies that monopoly attempt? ¿Did piece not demonstrate 4 that the organized crime, the administrations and the financial centers are all right more than? ¿Is the fact that organized crime counts on true armies without more frontier the power palpablely of fire of the rival? As soon as the monopoly of violence does not belong right now to Nation-States. The modern marketplace put it up for sale ... this Is To The Point because, below the dispute among legitimate and illegitimate violence, also is the dispute falsa, pienso among rational and irrational violence. The worldwide intellectuality's certain sector claims insisto en que su quehacer es más complejo que el simple ser " de derecha o de izquierda ", " progubernamental o de oposición ", " etcétera bueno o etcétera malo " that violence can be exercised of rational mode, administrating of selective form, hay quien, incluso, adelanta algo así como la " mercadotecnia de la violencia ", and applying with surgeon's ability against the evils of the society. Something like that to thus provoke stage pass militaristic on her Union American: Surgical guns, hurries, and military operations like scalpel of new world order. Thus were born the smart bombs que, según me platicó un reportero que cubrió " Desert Storm ", no son tan " inteligentes " y batallan para distinguir entre un hospital y un depósito de misiles, en la duda, las " smart bombs " no se abstienen, destruyen . In short, the Persian Gulf, as the companions of the towns were saying zapatistas, is beyond Chiapas's state-owned capital aunque la situación de los kurdos tenga semejanzas espeluznantes con los indígenas de un país que se precia de ser " democrático " y " libre ", as soon as we not insist on that war when we have the our. Good, the struggle among rational and irrational violence, open a road of interesting discussion and, regrettably, he is not lazy in modern times. We could drink, for example, what he gets along well for rational. If it is answered that reason comes from the been suponiendo que eso existiera y, sobre todo, que se le pudiera reconocer alguna razón a el actual estado neoliberal, then he is pertinent to ask oneself if siempre suponiendo que la sociedad de hoy retiene algo de racionalidad reciprocates to the reason of the society that reason of status and, more still, if the rational violence of status is rational also to the society. Here there is no very much that to contrive como no sea ociosamente, the reason of status in the modernity another one is not the reason of financial markets. But,¿How does the modern State administrate its rational violence? And, eye to the story,¿How long does that rationality last? ¿The time than goes from each other election or blow of been según el caso ? ¿How many violences of status, the fact that they were applauded like rational in his time, are they now irrational?
Lady Margaret Thatcher, of agreeable memory for the British town, The Next War, of Caspar Weinberg took the trouble to write a preface to the book himself and Peter Schweizer. Regnery Publisihng, Inc. Washington, D.C . 1996 . In this text, the madam Thatcher, advance some reflections on the 3 similitudes among the world of Cold War and the one belonging to the Pos Cold War: The first their the fact is that the free world never will lack aggressive potentials. The second best is the need of military superiority of Democratic statuses on the possible aggressors. The third similitude the fact is that he must be such military superiority, most of all, technological. In order to finish his prologue, the called lady of iron defines the violent rationality of modern Statuses when indicating : " a war can occur of many different manners. But the worst usually happens because a power create that it can attain his objectives without a war or to the less with a limited war that can be earned rapidly - and, in consequence, they fail calculations ". For the gentlemen Weinberg and Schweizer the scenes of Future wars are : Korea of the north and Chinese abril 6 de 1998, Iran abril 4 de 1999, Mexico marzo 7 de el 2003, Russia febrero 7 de el 2006, and the Japan agosto 19 de 2007 . There is not, because, he doubts of who the possible aggressors would be : Asiatic, Arab, Latin and European. ¡Almost worldly totality is considered possible aggressor of modern democracy! Logic cuando menos en la lógica liberal : In the modernity, the power the es decir, el poder financiero tastes that only it is able to attain his objectives with a war, and no with a limited war that can be earned rapidly, but with a totally total, worldwide war in all of the senses. And, if we bring Estado's new secretary of the United States into existence, Madeleine Albright, when he says : One of priority objectives of our government is the one with securing that the interests cheap to run of the United States should reach into planetary scale " The Wall Street Journal " . 21/I/1997, then we must understand than everybody the world the y quiero decir " todo todo " is this war's theater of operations. He belongs to understand, then, than if the dispute for the monopoly of violence does not take place according to the laws of market, rather he is defied from below, worldwide power discover in that challenge a possible aggressor. This is I join of defiances de los menos estudiados y más " condenados ", entre los muchos que representa thrown by the natives in arms and in rebelliousness of Liberación Nacional's Ejército Zapatista ( EZLN ) against the neoliberalism and for humanity ...
This is the symbol of Could Have Been Politically Active North American, the pentagon. Image The new worldwide police pretends that the armies and national policemen only be the body of certainty that he guarantee the order and the progress in the neoliberal megápolis
The figure builds for himself 6 drawing a hook. The elks said that the Nation-States
are attacked by the financial centers and obligors to dissolve within the megápolis.
But neoliberalism not only brings about his war joining nations and regions.
His strategy of destruction DESPOBLAMIENTO and reconstruction REALIGNMENT produces
one or several fractures in the Nation-States. This one is the IV's paradox
World War: Made to eliminate frontiers and to join nations, that goes leaving
after of if he is a multiplication of the frontiers and a pulverization of the
nations that they perish in his claws. Beyond the pretexts, ideologies or bunting,
the present-day WORLDWIDE dynamics of break of unit of Nation-States it responds
to a policy, equally worldwide, that he knows that he can exercise his power
better, and creating the optimal conditions for his reproduction, on the ruins
of Nation-States.
If somebody have any doubt on this to characterize process of globalization like a worldwide war, he should dispose of it when the beadings would make of the conflicts that they provoked and that have been provoked by the collapses of some Nation-States. Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, the USSR, the political and basics cheap to run of Nation-States are signs of depth of these crises that leave made bits not only, also the corporate structures. Slovenia, Croacia and Bosnia, besides of show it war within the Russian federation with Chechenia of scene, they do not dial only the fallen destination of the tragedian of the socialist field in the free world's ill-fated arms, all over the world this process of national fragmentation repeats him in scale and intensity variable. Padania, in Belgium has separatist tendencies in the Estado Español País Vasco, Cataluña Y Galicia in Italy, Flandes, in France Córcega, at the United Kingdom Escocia y el País de Gales, and in Canada Québec . The Y has more examples in the rest of the the world. We already referred ourselves to the process of the construction of the megápolis, now we talked about the fragmentation of countries. Both processes take place on the destruction of Nation-States. ¿Does he have to do with two parallel, independent processes? ¿Two facets of process of globalization? ¿Are symptoms come from a megacrisis still to suffer a nervous breakdown? ¿Very isolated doings? We thought that he has to do with to the process of globalization, one of essences of neoliberal model a self-contradiction. The elimination of commercial frontiers, the universality of telecommunications, information technology's super-highways, the omnipresence of the financial centers, the international agreements of economic unit, in short, the process of globalization in aggregate produces, when settling the Nation-States, a pulverization of inside markets. These do not disappear or they become diluted in the international markets, rather make his fragmentation firm and they multiply .
It will sound contradictory, but the globalization, produce a fragmented world, I fill ones of others with isolated odds and ends ( and no a few times confronted among themselves ). A full world of watertight compartments, communications almost for fragile bridges cheap to run en todo caso tan constantes como la veleta de viento que es el capital financiero . A world of broken mirrors reflecting the useless worldwide unit of the neoliberal riddle. But not only the world that supposes fragments neoliberalism to join, also it produces the political center cheap to run that points this war. And if, as we indicated before, the financial centers impose his law la de el mercado to nations and to groups of nations, then we should redefine limits and catch up with of policy, that is, of political duty. It is convenient then to talk about the megapolítica, herein it would be where world order would be decided. They move Y when tenth megapolítica did not refer to the number whose in her. They are not enough, very few, the ones that meet in this megaesfera. The megapolítica globaliza the politic nationals, that is, fastens them to a direction that the que por lo regular son contradictorios a los intereses nacionales has worldwide interests and whose logician is the one with market, that is, the one belonging to economic gain. With this opinion economicista y criminal makes a decision on wars, credits, buy and sale of goods, diplomatic recognitions, commercial blockages, political supports, laws of migration, coup d'états, repressions, election campaign, political international units, political ruptures intranacionales, investments, that is, the survival of entire nations.
The worldwide power of the financial centers is so big, that they can do without the worry for the politic sign of that he hold unlawfully the proxy at a nation, if the fact is that he takes guarantees than the program cheap to run es decir, la parte que corresponde a el megaprograma económico mundial not become altered . The financial disciplines impose themselves to the distinct colors of political worldwide spectrum as soon as it takes place to the government of a nation. Great worldwide power can tolerate a left-wing government anywhere in the world, always and when that government do not take measures that they go from the arrangements of the worldwide financial centers. But by no means he will tolerate than an alternative of economic organization, policy and social consolidate . For the megapolítica, the politic nationals are done by dwarves that they must comply with the giant financier's dictations. Thus he will be, until the dwarves rebel ...
You have the figure that the megapolítica represents here. He will understand you there that he is lazy to try finding a rationality to him and than, raveling the skein, nothing will be clear .
The figure builds for himself 7 drawing a bag. " to begin with, I pray
for not mixing you the Resistance up with political opposition. Opposition does
not oppose power but to a government, and his successful and complete form is
the one with a game of opposition; While than the resistance, by definition
ahora sí, he can not be a game: She is not cut out to govern in turn,
but give birth to ... to resist ". Tomás Segovia. Alegatorio. Mexico,
1996. Feign it infallibility of one-eyed globalization with the stubborn disobedience
of reality.
As the same time as the neoliberalism he carries on his worldwide war, in all the planet they go away forming nonconformists's groups, rebels's nuclei. The empire of the financial bags, confront the rebelliousness of the bags of resistance. Yes, bags. Of all of the sizes, many-colored, of the more varied forms. His only similarity is his to offer resistance to new world order and to the crime against humanity that the neoliberal war bears .
When trying imposing his economic model, politician, social and cultural, neoliberalism intends to subjugate million beings, and coming apart of all those that they do not have place in his new cast of the world. But it works out than these they rebel expendable and they resist against the power that wants to eliminate them. Women, children, old men, young people, natives, ecologists, homosexuals, lesbians, seropositive, hardworking and all those and those than no only are left over, rather also bother order and the progress worldwide, they rebel, they get organized and fight . Being common knowledge equal and different, the excluded ones belonging to modernity begin to tell the resistances against the process of destruction despoblamiento and reconstruction realignment that he carries on, like worldwide war, the neoliberalism.
In Mexico, as an example, call Programs Of integral development of Tehuantepec's Isthmus he intends to construct a modern international center of distribution and assembly of goods. The development zone extends throughout an industrial complex in which the Mexican third part of crude is refined and the 88 % of the petrochemicals are elaborated. The interoceanic traffic lanes will consist at roads, a fluvial route making good use of the natural laying of the zone río Coatzacoalcos and, like axle articulador, the railroad's line transístmico a cargo de 5 empresas, 4 de EU y una de Canadá . Project would be zone low jointer the regimen of drawback industries. Two million inhabitants of the place would pass to be dockworkers, migratory controls or maquiladores. Ana Esther Ceceña . " El Istmo de Tehuantepec : frontera de la soberanía nacional " . " La Jornada de el Campo " 28 de mayo 1997 . También in the Mexican southeast, at the jungle Lacandona, it is started to walk Desarrollo Regional Sustentable's Program for the Selva Lacandona. His real objective is to afford of capital indigenous earths than also they are it, in addition to be rich in dignity and story, in oil and uranium. The foreseeable result of these projects will be, among others, Mexican fragmentation separando a el sureste de el resto de el país . Besides, and right now than we talked of wars, projects have counter-insurgent implications. The form departs from a pincer to settle the anti-neoliberal rebelliousness that he exploited in 1994. The indigenous rebels of Liberación Nacional's Ejército Zapatista get EZLN in between. Ya en el tema de indígenas rebeldes conviene un paréntesis : los zapatistas piensan que, en México [ ojo : en México the recuperation and defense of national sovereignty he is a part of an anti-neoliberal revolution.
Paradoxically, the EZLN stands accused of attempting the fragmentation of the Mexican nation. The fact of the matter is that the only ones that have talked about separatism are the businessmen of status of Tabasco rico en petróleo and the federal congressmen chiapanecos that The zapatistas belong to the PRI. they think that the state National defense in front of the globalization is necessary, and that the attempts to split up Mexico come from the governing group and no of competitions you sue of autonomy for the Indian towns. The EZLN, and the best one belonging to indigenous national movement, they do not need the Indian towns to separate from Mexico, but being acknowledged like part of the country with his specificities. Not only that, they need a Mexico with democracy, freedom and justice. Paradoxes come afterwards, because while the EZLN fights for the defense of national sovereignty, the Army Federal Mexicano fights against that defense and it defends a government that he has destroyed right now the national sovereignty's material bases and has turned in the country, not only to the great foreign capital, also to the drug trafficking.
But not only he offers resistance at the south-eastern Mexican forested region and he fights against neoliberalism. In another Mexican parts, in the Latin America, at the United States and the Canada, in the Europe of Maastrich's, the Africa's Treaty, in the Asia, and in Oceania, the bags of resistance multiply . Each join their he has his own story, his differences, his equalities, his requests, his fights, his achievements. If humanity has still hope of survival, to be, those hope are in the bags that form the excluded the odds and ends, the disposable better.
This is a model of bag of resistance, but do not do too much case. Image Hay has that many models like resistances and like worlds in the world. As soon as he draw the model what else like to him. In this business about the bags, like in the resistances, diversity is riches.
There is, to not to doubt at the neoliberal riddle, plus pieces. For example: The midways of communication, the culture, the pollution, the pandemics. Here only we have wanted to show him the their sketch of 7. These 7 are enough in order that you, after drawing them, coloring them and trimming them, realize that it is impossible to create them meetings. And this is the problem of the world that it has intended to the globalization rearm: The pieces do not fit well .
For this reason, and for another reasons that do not come to the space of this text, he is necessary making a new world. A world where many worlds, where all worlds fit in ... fit in
From the Southeast Mexicano's forested region. Subcomandante Insurgente Marcos
Army Zapatista of National Liberation. Mexico, June 1997.
P.D. THAT HE TELLS dreams THAT THE LOVE HARBORS .- repose the sea to my side. He shares for a long time anguishes, uncertainties and no few dreams, but now he sleeps with me warm her up night of the jungle. I look at his wheat stirred in the dream and I amaze myself of new when finding her to her as he is law: Tibia, fresh and to my side. He draws me the asphyxia from the bed and he takes my hand and the pen to bring the Viejo Antonio today, as he does years ...
I have asked for the Viejo Antonio that he accompany me in an exploration downstream. We did not take some pozol to eat more than. During hours we followed the capricious river bed and the hunger and the heat are too tight . All the afternoon we passed her after wild boars's herd. Almost it grows dark when we give him reach, but an enormous poll ( pig of mountain ) is emitted of the group and he attacks us. I mention all my military knowledge, leave my weapon around and I climb on the closer tree. The Viejo Antonio gets unarmed elk the attack, but instead of running, it lay eggs myself after a trick of rattans. The gigantic wild boar attacks head on and with all his force, but he is left between the lianas and the thorns caughtly. Before he may get free, the Viejo Antonio raise his old chimba and, of throw in the head, he resolves the dinner party of that day.
Already in the early morning, when I have had just to clean my modern automatic rifle un M - 16, calibre 5.56 mm, con selector de cadencia y alcance efectivo de 460 metros, además de mira telescópica, bipié y cargador de " drum " con 90 tiros, I write on my daily newspaper of campaign and, omitting all what happened, only I note down : " we hit the end dirty and To a piece killed . Height 350 msnm. It did not rain ". While we hoped that the beef get cooked, I tell the Viejo Antonio that will serve the part that I am in for for the parties that are trained at the camp. "¿Parties "?, He asks me while he gives the fire a poke . Sí, I say it, month does not have importance, always something has somebody celebrate.. After I stick at what I supposed era a brilliant dissertation on the historic calendar and the celebrations zapatistas. In silence he listens to the Viejo Antonio and, supposing that he is not interested, I accommodate myself to sleep. While half asleep it faced the Viejo Antonio to take my notebook and writing something. In the morning, we distributed after-breakfast beef and his road takes each one. Already in our camp, I yield command and I show the journal for your information the occurred. This one is not your letter, tells me while he shows me the notebook's sheet. There, so that I noted down that day, he had written the Viejo Antonio with grand letters: " else you can be right and the force, he chooses always reason and give up that the enemy have the force. In many combats the force is able to obtain victory, but in the fight everything only reason expires . He never will be able to deduct the powerful from reason his force, but we always will be able to get force from reason ". And further down, with very small letter: Happy parties. Neither what for to say it, I got rid of hunger. Parties, as always, were very happy. The one belonging to the red bun was still, happily, very far from the hit the zapatistas's parade ...